1. An early Japanese term for warrior, "uruwashii", was written with a kanji (picturegramm) that combined the characters for literary study ("bun") and military arts ("bu"), and from as early as the late 12th century the educated poet-swordsman is held up as the ideal of human endeavour. This class would call themselves "bujutsu-do"; those that follow the way of bujutsu. Reference

2. This question goes back to the Confucian ideal of balance that Japanese inherited, probably from the 7th century or so. The word used by both to express this concept, for the "gentleman" by the Chinese and the warrior by Japanese, is (hin), pronounced uruwashii in Japanese, meaning both "balanced" and "beautiful. Reference

Whether you accept it or you don't, beauty is one of the most important details in your everyday living. If your report for that asshole boss doesn't meet company standards because of it's poor format, you get fired. Your teeth are slimy and your beard is coarse, meaning you won't get any from your girl tonight. Balance is vital to healthy living in regards to almost every aspect in your life. Too much of anything will eventually kill you, and therefore balance is key. Uruwashii combines both beauty and balance for form a term we all strive for. Success.